He encouraged them to shoot their foot 14 m long miniature of the ship as if "we're making a commercial for the White Star Line" Afterwards, digital water and smoke were added, as were extras captured on a motion capture stage.
Visual effects supervisor Rob Legato scanned the faces of many actors, including himself and his children, for the digital extras and stuntmen. There was also a foot 20 m long model of the ship's stern that could break in two repeatedly, the only miniature to be used in water. For scenes set in the ship's engines, footage of the SS Jeremiah O'Brien' s engines were composited with miniature support frames and actors shot against a greenscreen.
In order to save money, the first class lounge was a miniature set incorporated into a greenscreen backdrop. An enclosed 5,, US gallons 19,, l tank was used for sinking interiors, in which the entire set could be tilted into the water. In order to sink the Grand Staircase, 90, US gallons , l of water were dumped into the set as it was lowered into the tank. Unexpectedly, the waterfall ripped the staircase from its steel-reinforced foundations, although no one was hurt.
The foot m long exterior of the RMS Titanic had its first half lowered into the tank, but being the heaviest part of the ship meant it acted as a shock absorber against the water; to get the set into the water, Cameron had much of the set emptied and even smashed some of the promenade windows himself.
After submerging the dining saloon, three days were spent shooting Lovett's ROV traversing the wreck in the present. The post-sinking scenes in the freezing Atlantic were shot in a , US gallons 1,, l tank, where the frozen corpses were created by applying a powder on actors that crystallized when exposed to water, and wax was coated on hair and clothes.
The climactic scene, which features the breakup of the ship directly before it sinks, as well as its final plunge to the bottom of the Atlantic, involved a tilting full-sized set, extras and stunt performers.
Cameron criticized previous Titanic films for depicting the final plunge of the liner as sliding gracefully underwater. He "wanted to depict it as the terrifyingly chaotic event that it really was".
When carrying out the sequence, people needed to fall off the increasingly tilting deck, plunging hundreds of feet below and bouncing off of railings and propellers on the way down. A few attempts to film this sequence with stunt people resulted in some minor injuries and Cameron halted the more dangerous stunts. The risks were eventually minimized "by using computer generated people for the dangerous falls".
There was one "crucial historical fact" Cameron chose to omit from the film — the ship that was close to the Titanic , but had turned off its radio for the night and did not hear their SOS calls. That wasn't a compromise to mainstream filmmaking.
That was really more about emphasis, creating an emotional truth to the film," stated Cameron. He said there were aspects of retelling the sinking that seemed important in pre and post-production, but turned out to be less important as the film evolved.
It was a clean cut, because it focuses you back onto that world. If Titanic is powerful as a metaphor, as a microcosm, for the end of the world in a sense, then that world must be self-contained. During the first assembly cut, Cameron altered the planned ending, which had given resolution to Brock Lovett's story. In the original version of the ending, Brock and Lizzy see the elderly Rose at the stern of the boat, and fear she is going to jump. Rose then reveals that she had the "Heart of the Ocean" diamond all along, but never sold it, in order to live on her own without Cal's money.
She tells Brock that life is priceless and throws the diamond into the ocean, after allowing him to hold it. After accepting that treasure is worthless, Brock laughs at his stupidity. Rose then goes back to her cabin to sleep, whereupon the film ends in the same way as the final version. In the editing room, Cameron decided that by this point, the audience would no longer be interested in Brock Lovett and cut the resolution to his story, so that Rose is alone when she drops the diamond.
He also did not want to disrupt the audience's melancholy after the Titanic' s sinking. The version used for the first test screening featured a fight between Jack and Lovejoy which takes place after Jack and Rose escape into the flooded dining saloon, but the test audiences disliked it. The scene was written to give the film more suspense, and featured Cal falsely offering to give Lovejoy, his valet, the "Heart of the Ocean" if he can get it from Jack and Rose.
Lovejoy goes after the pair in the sinking first class dining room. Just as they are about to escape him, Lovejoy notices Rose's hand slap the water as it slips off the table behind which she is hiding. In revenge for framing him for the "theft" of the necklace, Jack attacks him and smashes his head against a glass window, which explains the gash on Lovejoy's head that can be seen when he dies in the completed version of the film.
In their reactions to the scene, test audiences said it would be unrealistic to risk one's life for wealth, and Cameron cut it for this reason, as well as for timing and pacing reasons. Many other scenes were cut for similar reasons. The soundtrack album for Titanic was composed by James Horner.
He had tried twenty-five or thirty singers before he finally chose Sissel as the voice to create specific moods within the film. Horner waited until Cameron was in an appropriate mood before presenting him with the song. After playing it several times, Cameron declared its approval, although worried that he would have been criticized for "going commercial at the end of the movie". Cameron also wanted to appease anxious studio executives and "saw that a hit song from his movie could only be a positive factor in guaranteeing its completion".
Paramount Pictures and 20th Century Fox financed Titanic , and expected Cameron to complete the film for a release on July 2, The film was to be released on this date "in order to exploit the lucrative summer season ticket sales when blockbuster films usually do better".
In April, Cameron said the film's special effects were too complicated and that releasing the film for summer would not be possible. With production delays, Paramount pushed back the release date to December 19, This eventually led to more positive media coverage. However, positive reviews started to appear back in the United States; the official Hollywood premiere occurred on December 14, , where "the big movie stars who attended the opening were enthusiastically gushing about the film to the world media".
The film received steady attendance after opening in North America on Friday, December 19, By the end of that same weekend, theaters were beginning to sell out. It stayed at number one for fifteen consecutive weeks in the United States and Canada, which remains a record for any film. Box Office Mojo estimates that after adjusting for ticket price inflation, Titanic would be the sixth highest-grossing film of all time in the United States and Canada.
It became the highest-grossing film in history, and remained so for twelve years, until Avatar , also written and directed by Cameron, surpassed it in Before its release, various film critics predicted the film would be a significant disappointment at the box office, especially due to it being the most expensive film ever made at the time.
When it was shown to the press in autumn of , "it was with massive forebodings" since the "people in charge of the screenings believed they were on the verge of losing their jobs — because of this great albatross of a picture on which, finally, two studios had had to combine to share the great load of its making".
Cameron also thought he was "headed for disaster" at one point during filming. It was a certainty," he stated. As the film neared release, "particular venom was spat at Cameron for what was seen as his hubris and monumental extravagance".
When the film became a success, with an unprecedented box office performance, it was credited as "the love story [that] stole the world's hearts". They emerged from the cinema, tear stained and emotionally flabbergasted. Although teenage girls, as well as young women in general, who would see the film several times and subsequently caused "Leo-Mania", were often credited with having primarily propelled the film to its all-time box office record, other reports have simply attributed the film's success to "[p]ositive word of mouth and repeat viewership" due to the love story combined with the ground-breaking special effects.
The film's impact on men has also been especially credited. Now considered one of the films that "make men cry", MSNBC's Ian Hodder stated that men admire Jack's sense of adventure, stowing away on a steamship bound for America. We admire how he suggests nude modeling as an excuse to get naked. So when [the tragic ending happens], an uncontrollable flood of tears sinks our composure," he said.
Titanic's ability to make men cry was briefly parodied in the zombie film Zombieland , where character Tallahassee, when recalling the death of his young son, states: "I haven't cried like that since Titanic. In , the BBC analyzed the stigma over men crying during Titanic and films in general. From a very young age, males are taught that it is inappropriate to cry, and these lessons are often accompanied by a great deal of ridicule when the lessons aren't followed.
Titanic' s catch phrase "I'm the king of the world! According to Richard Harris, a psychology professor at Kansas State University, who studied why people like to cite films in social situations, using film quotes in everyday conversation is similar to telling a joke and a way to form solidarity with others. He found that all of the participants in his study had used film quotes in conversation at one point or another.
Cameron explained the film's success as having significantly benefited from the experience of sharing. They want to grab their friend and bring them, so that they can enjoy it," he said. That's how Titanic worked. In response to this, "[m]any theatres started midnight showings and were rewarded with full houses until almost am". For twelve years after its release, various films were cited as contenders for surpassing Titanic' s box office gross; however, all failed to do so.
Cameron's most recent film, Avatar , was considered the first film with a genuine chance at surpassing its worldwide gross, and did so in Various explanations for why the film was able to successfully challenge Titanic were given. For one, "Two-thirds of Titanic's haul was earned overseas, and Avatar [tracked] similarly Avatar opened in markets globally and was no.
Brandon Gray, president of Box Office Mojo, said that while Avatar may beat Titanic's revenue record, the film is unlikely to surpass Titanic in attendance. Some pretty good movies have come out in the last few years. Titanic just struck some kind of chord. It's just a matter of time," he said. The film garnered mostly positive reviews from film critics.
The site's general consensus is that the film is "[a] mostly unqualified triumph for Cameron, who offers a dizzying blend of spectacular visuals and old-fashioned melodrama". At Metacritic, which assigns a weighted mean rating out of 0— reviews from film critics, the film has a rating score of 74 based on 34 reviews, classified as a generally favorably reviewed film. When regarding the film's overall design, Roger Ebert stated, "It is flawlessly crafted, intelligently constructed, strongly acted, and spellbinding Movies like this are not merely difficult to make at all, but almost impossible to make well.
It was named as his ninth best film of James Berardinelli stated, "Meticulous in detail, yet vast in scope and intent, Titanic is the kind of epic motion picture event that has become a rarity.
You don't just watch Titanic , you experience it. Almar Haflidason of the BBC wrote that "[t]he sinking of the great ship is no secret, yet for many exceeded expectations in sheer scale and tragedy" and that "when you consider that it tops a bum-numbing three-hour running time, then you have a truly impressive feat of entertainment achieved by Cameron".
Passionate by superhero comic books, horror films, and indie games, he writes for Collider and develops games for Mother's Touch Games. Image via Paramount Pictures. Share Share Tweet Email. Related Topics News Movie Titanic. Marco Vito Oddo Articles Published. Kate probably got some unnecessary stress from me, but I would say 99 per cent of her stress was internally induced as part of her acting process.
The film critic for the Sunday Times even wrote that "Cameron's overweening pride has come close to capsizing this project," which he labeled "a hackneyed, completely derivative copy of old Hollywood romances. Even Cameron himself doubted its chances. One of the film's most touching and vulnerable moments comes when Jack sketches a naked Rose wearing her "Heart of the Ocean" necklace — but it turns out some of the awkwardness and vulnerability the actors conveyed might have been real.
Because the set builders hadn't yet completed the main set, the cast and crew were forced to shoot smaller scenes — and the very first for DiCaprio and Winslet was that nude scene.
They had rehearsed together, but they hadn't shot anything together. We were just trying to find things to shoot because our big set wasn't ready. We were supposed to start with our day exteriors up on the big Titanic set.
It wasn't ready for months, so we were scrambling around trying to fill in anything we could get to shoot. It was horrible. But having seen how it worked, I think it worked out very well for the scene.
When Rose's mother tightens her corset, the roles were supposed to be reversed. There's a key scene in the film where Rose's mother tightens her daughter's corset, and her actions provide a potent symbol of her parents' attempts to rein her in, and the suffocation she feels in her social position.
It turns out the scene wasn't planned that way at all; in fact, Rose was supposed to be tightening her mother's corset. But right before they shot it, Cameron thought, "I should switch this. I said, 'This is really important; we have to do it this way,' remembered Cameron in an interview. Those are the great discoveries that you make when you're actually taking theory and turning it into practice. There are several cameos in the film — but chances are you won't notice them. Several high-profile people make cameo appearances — but chances are you won't recognize any of them.
Several crew members of the Akademik Mstislav Keldysh — the Russian research vessel that took Cameron to the Titanic site multiple times — appear in the film. At that depth, the water pressure is 6, pounds per square inch.
Documentarian Anders Falk, who did behind-the-scenes shooting of the film's sets for the Titanic Historical Society, also appears as a Swedish immigrant whom Jack Dawson meets as he enters his cabin. Edward Kamuda and Karen Kamuda, who were president and VP of the society and consulted on the film, were also cast as extras. The production team built a scale model of the ship that was almost full-size. The Titanic production team was able to get blueprints of the ship, and they created a scale model that was the same size as the Titanic — minus a few tweaks, among them lifeboats that were 10 per cent smaller.
A horizon tank, which allows for the look of open water filming without having to shoot at sea, was built to hold the reconstructed ship, where most of the exterior ship scenes were shot. It held 17 million gallons of water. Inside, production designer Peter Lamont's team painstakingly recreated interiors with fixtures and furnishings from the period, or with custom reproductions.
Interestingly, the grand staircase was actually grander in film than it was in real life — a full 30 per cent wider. Known for his rigid perfectionism, Cameron made the film as historically accurate as possible — which meant reading volumes of accounts of the sinking, studying as much as he could about the crew and passengers, and learning every facet of the construction of the ship. And I worked within that to write the script, and I got some historical experts to analyze what I'd written and comment on it, and I adjusted it.
I had a library that filled one whole wall of my writing office with Titanic stuff, because I wanted it to be right, especially if we were going to dive to the ship. That set the bar higher in a way — it elevated the movie in a sense. We wanted this to be a definitive visualisation of this moment in history as if you'd gone back in a time machine and shot it. The final scene they shot was the bridge flooding and the captain going down with the ship.
The final scene the cast and crew shot was the one where the bridge of the Titanic floods and the captain goes down with the ship — but it turns out that the captain of the film thought he might go down with the ship as well. The film, minus the present-day scenes and the credits, runs two hours and 40 minutes — the exact time it took for the Titanic to go down in the frigid waters off Canada's East Coast.
The collision with the iceberg reportedly went on for 37 seconds — the same length as the collision in the film.
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